Early conduct and academic problems are strongly related to later ________ abuse, which research also shows is an intensifier of aggression.

Early conduct and academic problems are strongly related to later ________ abuse, which research also shows is an intensifier of aggression.

• A. Emotional
• B. Mental
• C. Physical
• D. Substance

Answer: (D)

Substance use matches the pattern described: early conduct problems and school difficulties often forecast later substance abuse, and research shows that substance use can intensify aggressive behavior. The pharmacological and behavioral effects of substances—disinhibition, impaired judgment, and heightened irritability—make aggressive responses more likely in conflicts or provocative situations. So, the form of abuse that fits this developmental link and the aggression amplification is substance abuse. The other types of abuse don’t align with this trajectory or with the idea of an “intensifier of aggression” that research highlights for substance use.

Substance use matches the pattern described: early conduct problems and school difficulties often forecast later substance abuse, and research shows that substance use can intensify aggressive behavior. The pharmacological and behavioral effects of substances—disinhibition, impaired judgment, and heightened irritability—make aggressive responses more likely in conflicts or provocative situations. So, the form of abuse that fits this developmental link and the aggression amplification is substance abuse. The other types of abuse don’t align with this trajectory or with the idea of an “intensifier of aggression” that research highlights for substance use.